Unless you can confirm it, please don't report it to the mailing list. Anti-virus products have been known to detect false positives when extracting compressed tar archives. If this causes problems for you, consider disabling your anti-virus software when running the Cygwin Setup program.
Read the next entry for a fairly safe way to do this. Both Network Associates formerly McAfee and Norton anti-virus products have been reported to "hang" when extracting Cygwin tar archives.
If this happens to you, consider disabling your anti-virus software when running the Cygwin Setup program. The following procedure should be a fairly safe way to do that:. This should be safe, but only if the Cygwin Setup program is not substituted by something malicious. When using the Cygwin Setup program for the first time, the default is to install a minimal subset of all available packages.
If you want anything beyond that, you will have to select it explicitly. Long ago, the default was to install everything, much to the irritation of most users. Now the default is to install only a basic core of packages. The Cygwin Setup program is designed to make it easy to browse categories and select what you want to install or omit from those categories.
There are now more than Cygwin packages requiring more than GB of disk space just to download and hundreds of GB more to install so you are strongly advised not to attempt to install everything at once, unless you have a lot of free disk space, a very high speed network connection, and the system will not be required for any other purpose for many hours or days until installation completes.
For a bit Cygwin installation, you can not install everything, as the installation will fail because the 4GB memory available is insufficient to allow all the DLLs required to run along with the programs using them. That depends, obviously, on what you've chosen to download and install. A full installation today is many hundreds of GB installed, not including the package archives themselves nor the source code. By default the location of the Cygwin Setup program.
You may conserve disk space by deleting the subdirectories there. Of course, you can keep them around in case you want to reinstall a package. First, make sure that you are using the latest version of the Cygwin Setup program. It could be that the network is too busy. Something similar could be the cause of a download site not working.
Try another mirror, or try again later. If you are reacting quickly to an announcement on the mailing list, it could be that the mirror you are using doesn't have the latest copy yet. Try another mirror, or try again tomorrow.
If the Cygwin Setup program has otherwise behaved strangely, check the files setup. It may provide some clues as to what went wrong and why. If you're still baffled, search the Cygwin mailing list for clues. Others may have the same problem, and a solution may be posted there. If that search proves fruitless, send a query to the Cygwin mailing list. You must provide complete details in your query: version of the Cygwin Setup program, options you selected, contents of setup.
Most definitely yes! UNIX shells and thus Cygwin use the space character as a word delimiter. Under certain circumstances, it is possible to get around this with various shell quoting mechanisms, but you are much better off if you can avoid the problem entirely. Then you can simply edit your Cygwin user name first field. It's also a good idea to avoid spaces in the home directory. When using Cygwin from a network login via ssh for instance , HOME is always taken from the passwd entry.
Access to shared drives is often restricted when starting from the network, thus Domain users may wish to have a different HOME in the Windows environment on shared drive than in Cygwin on local drive. Note that ssh only considers the account information as retrieved by getpwnam 3 , disregarding HOME. Run the Cygwin Setup program as you would to install packages. List all services you have installed with cygrunsrv -L.
If you do not have cygrunsrv installed, skip this FAQ. If you have inetd configured to run as a standalone service, it will not show up in the list, but cygrunsrv --stop inetd will work to stop it as well. Setup has no automatic uninstall facility.
The recommended method to remove all of Cygwin is as follows:. Common services that might have been installed are sshd , cron , cygserver , inetd , apache , postgresql , and so on. Stop the X11 server if it is running, and terminate any Cygwin programs that might be running in the background.
Exit the command prompt and ensure that no Cygwin processes remain. If you installed cyglsa. Delete the Cygwin root folder and all subfolders. If you get an error that an object is in use, then ensure that you've stopped all services and closed all Cygwin programs. For example, sometimes files used by system services end up owned by the SYSTEM account and not writable by regular users. The quickest way to delete the entire tree if you run into this problem is to take ownership of all files and folders to your account.
To do this in Windows Explorer, right click on the root Cygwin folder, choose Properties, then the Security tab. Select Advanced, then go to the Owner tab and make sure your account is listed as the owner. Select the 'Replace owner on subcontainers and objects' checkbox and press Ok. After Explorer applies the changes you should be able to delete the entire tree in one operation. Note that you can also achieve by using other tools such as icacls.
Delete the Cygwin shortcuts on the Desktop and Start Menu, and anything left by the Cygwin Setup program in the download directory. However, if you plan to reinstall Cygwin it's a good idea to keep your download directory since you can reinstall the packages left in its cache without redownloading them. If you added Cygwin to your system path, you should remove it unless you plan to reinstall Cygwin to the same location. However, if you followed the directions above you will have already removed everything important.
Typically only the installation directory has been stored in the registry at all. First, are you sure you want to do this? Snapshots are risky. They have not been tested.
Use them only if there is a feature or bugfix that you need to try, and you are willing to deal with any problems, or at the request of a Cygwin developer. Note the directory where you saved the snapshot tarball. Before installing a snapshot, you must first Close all Cygwin applications, including shells and services e. You will not be able to replace cygwin1. You may have to restart Windows to clear the DLL from memory beware of automatic service startup. Most of the downloaded snapshot can be installed using tar.
If you are only installing the DLL snapshot, skip the first tar command. Open a bash shell it should be the only running Cygwin process and issue the following commands:. The operative word in trying the snapshots is " trying ". To restore the rest of the snapshot files, reinstall the " cygwin " package using the Cygwin Setup program. The Cygwin Setup program cannot do this for you.
Use a tool designed for this purpose. For more information on setting up a custom Cygwin package server, see the Cygwin Setup program page. Please note that these instructions are very old and are referring to the somewhat different setup of a Cygwin 1.
As soon as somebody set this up for recent Cygwin releases, we might add this information here. Cygwin doesn't store anything important in the registry anymore for quite some time. There's no reason to save, restore or delete it. Be sure to at least read any 'Release Notes' or 'Readme' or 'read this' links on the main web page, if there are any.
Why can't my application locate cygncurses To repair the damage, you must run the Cygwin Setup program again, and re-install the package which provides the missing DLL package. If you already installed the package at one point, the Cygwin Setup program won't show the option to install the package by default.
This lists all packages, even those that are already installed. Scroll down to locate the missing package, for instance libncurses8. Continue with the installation. If your terminal windows suddenly began starting slowly after a Cygwin upgrade, it may indicate issues in the authentication setup. Although these files can still be used, since Cygwin 1. To switch to the new method, move these two files out of the way and restart the Cygwin terminal.
That runs Cygwin in its new default mode. At worst, it will only be a bit slower. The speed difference you see depends on which benchmark you run. For the AD case, it can be slower than the old method, since it is trading a local file read for a network request. Version 1. If you are still experiencing very slow shell startups, there are a number of other things you can look into:.
This particularly affects AD clients, but there may be other things in your Cygwin startup that depend on getting fast answers back from a network server. Keep in mind that this may affect Cygwin even when the domain controller is on the same machine as Cygwin, or is on a nearby server. The Cygwin DLL queries information about every group you're in to populate the local cache on startup. You may speed up this process a little by caching your own information in local files.
This will limit the need for Cygwin to contact the AD domain controller DC while still allowing for additional information to be retrieved from DC, such as when listing remote directories. Either in addition to the previous item or instead of it, you can run cygserver as a local caching service to speed up DC requests. Cygwin programs will check with cygserver before trying to query the DC directly. A less preferable option is to create a static read-only cache of the authentication data.
This is the old-fashioned method of making Cygwin integrate with AD, the only method available in releases before 1. If your AD servers are slow, this local cache will speed things up.
The downside is that you open yourself up to the stale cache problem : any time the AD databases change, your local cache will go out of date until you update the files manually. If none of the above helps, the best troubleshooting method is to run your startup scripts in debug mode. Right-click your Cygwin Terminal icon, go to Properties, and edit the command. The -x option tells Bash to write every command it runs to the terminal before launching it. If the terminal immediately starts filling with lines of text but then pauses, the line where the output paused is your clue as to what's going on.
The Cygwin DLL proper probably isn't the cause of the slowdown in this case, since those delays happen before the first line of text appears in the terminal. If suddenly every command takes a very long time, then something is probably attempting to access a network share. If your service is one of those which switch the user context sshd, inetd, etc , then it depends on the method used to switch to another user.
The line is. And you must not omit the Windows system directories! Otherwise you will likely encounter all sorts of problems running Cygwin applications. If you're using another shell than bash say, tcsh , the mechanism is the same, just the names of the login scripts are different.
Unlike the Windows default behaviour, Unix shells like bash do not look for programs in. You can add. Just tell bash where to find it, when you type it on the command line:. Use the 'cygpath' utility. Type ' cygpath --help ' for information. For example on my installation :. So you need to set HOME and the home dir in your passwd account information correctly. Cygwin does support spaces in filenames and paths. That said, some utilities that use the library may not, since files don't typically contain spaces in Unix.
If you stumble into problems with this, you will need to either fix the utilities or stop using spaces in filenames used by Cygwin tools. In particular, bash interprets space as a word separator. You would have to quote a filename containing spaces, or escape the space character. For example:. It sees a shortcut as a regular file and this you cannot "cd" into it. Windows applications can usually make use of Cygwin shortcuts but not vice versa.
This is by choice. The reason is that Windows shortcuts may contain a bunch of extra information which would get lost, if, for example, Cygwin tar archives and extracts them as symlinks.
Changing a Cygwin shortcut in Windows Explorer usually changes a Cygwin shortcut into a Windows native shortcut. Afterwards, Cygwin will not recognize it as symlink anymore. Make sure you are using the find that came with Cygwin and that you aren't picking up the Win32 find command instead.
You can verify that you are getting the right one by doing a "type find" in bash. If the path argument to find, including current directory default , is itself a symbolic link, then find will not traverse it unless you specify the -follow option.
This behavior is different than most other UNIX implementations, but is not likely to change. If find does not seem to be producing enough results, or seems to be missing out some directories, you may be experiencing a problem with one of find's optimisations. The absence of.
See the documentation for the option -noleaf in the man page. The su command has been in and out of Cygwin distributions, but it has not been ported to Cygwin and has never worked. It is currently installed as part of the sh-utils, but again, it does not work. You should rather install sshd and use ssh username localhost as a su replacement. Why doesn't man -k , apropos or whatis work? Before you can use man -k , apropos or whatis , you must create the whatis database.
Just run the command. There are two basic problems you might run into. Or, it could be a permission problem, and Cygwin doesn't understand that your script is executable. However, chmod may not work due to restrictions of the filesystem see FAQ entry above. In this case Cygwin must read the contents of files to determine if they are executable. If your script does not start with. The Bourne shell idiom. This can be used for individual files as well as directories.
Then Cygwin will not bother to read files to determine whether they are executable. Some usage hints are available courtesy of Rodrigo Medina. Jason Tishler has written a couple of messages that explain how to use a2ps for nicely formatted text in PostScript and ghostscript to print PostScript files on non-PostScript Windows printers.
Note that these are old mails and a2ps as well as file are long available as part of the Cygwin distribution. Alternatively, you can use the Windows print command. Finally, you can simply cat the file to the printer's share name:. You may need to press the formfeed button on your printer or append the formfeed character to your file. Internationalization is a complex issue.
The long answer can be found in the User's Guide in the section Internationalization. Cygwin uses UTF-8 by default. Setting the locale in the terminal's options will set the LANG variable accordingly. Non-Cygwin programs in the Cygwin Terminal do not usually take heed of the locale environment variables.
The codepage number for Cygwin's default UTF-8 character set is The Cygwin DLL has to handle various sharing situations between multiple processes. It has to keep a process table. It has to maintain a mount table which is based on the installation path of the Cygwin DLL. For that reason, the Cygwin DLL maintains shared resources based on a hash value created from its own installation path.
Therefore, you can install two or more separate Cygwin distros on a single machine. Each of these installations use their own Cygwin DLL, and they don't share the default POSIX paths, nor process tables, nor any other shared resource used to maintain the installation. However, a clean separation requires that you don't try to run executables of one Cygwin installation from processes running in another Cygwin installation. This may or may not work, but the chances that the result is not what you expect are pretty high.
If you get the error "shared region is corrupted" or "shared region version mismatch" it means you have multiple versions of cygwin1. Apart from mixing executables of different Cygwin installations, this could also happen if you have one a single Cygwin installation, for example, if you update the Cygwin package without exiting all Cygwin apps including services like sshd beforehand. The only DLL that is sanctioned by the Cygwin project is the one that you get by running the Cygwin Setup program , installed in a directory controlled by this program.
If you have other versions on your system and desire help from the cygwin project, you should delete or rename all DLLs that are not installed by the Cygwin Setup program. If you're trying to find multiple versions of the DLL that are causing this problem, reboot first, in case DLLs still loaded in memory are the cause. Then use the Windows System find utility to search your whole machine, not just components in your PATH as 'type' would do or cygwin-mounted filesystems as Cygwin 'find' would do.
I read the above but I want to bundle Cygwin with a product, and ship it to customer sites. How can I do this without conflicting with any Cygwin installed by the user? Usually, if you keep your installation separate, nothing bad should happen. However, for the user's convenience, and to avoid potential problems which still can occur, consider to integrate your product with an already existing Cygwin installation on the user's machine, or, if there is none, consider to install the official Cygwin distro on behalf of the user and integrate your tools from there.
If you write a tool to make this easy, consider contributing it for others to use. Starting with Cygwin version 2. Cygwin versions prior to 2. If you choose to distribute an older cygwin1. If you ship applications that link with older cygwin1.
It depends on what you mean by "break". Remember that the Cygwin DLL strives to be backwards compatible so a newer version of the DLL should always work with older executables. So, in general, it is always best to keep one version of the DLL on your system and it should always be the latest version which matches your installed distribution.
Probably because there is nobody willing or able to maintain it. It takes time, and the priority for the Cygwin Team is the Cygwin package. The rest is a volunteer effort. Want to contribute? Why is the version of package XYZ older than the version that I installed on my linux system? Is there something special about Cygwin which requires that only an older version of package XYZ will work on it?
Every package in the Cygwin distribution has a maintainer who is responsible for sending out updates of the package. This person is a volunteer who is rarely the same person as the official developer of the package.
If you notice that a version of a package seems to be out of date, the reason is usually pretty simple -- the person who is maintaining the package hasn't gotten around to updating it yet. Rarely, the newer package actually requires complex changes that the maintainer is working out. If you urgently need an update, sending a polite message to the cygwin mailing list pinging the maintainer is perfectly acceptable. There are no guarantees that the maintainer will have time to update the package or that you'll receive a response to your request, however.
Cygwin has a builtin "cygdrive prefix" for drives that are not mounted. But see the warning below! This maps in the obvious way to the Windows path, but will be converted internally to use the Cygwin path, following mounts default or explicit. You could also use backward-slashes in the Windows path, but these would have to be escaped from the shell. Warning: There is some ambiguity in going from a Windows path to the posix path, because different posix paths, through different mount points, could map to the same Windows directory.
This matters because different mount points may be binmode or textmode, so the behavior of Cygwin apps will vary depending on the posix path used to get there. The mount command will only add the mount point for the lifetime of your current Cygwin session. First, consider using mintty instead of the standard console window. In mintty, selecting with the left-mouse also copies, and middle-mouse pastes.
It couldn't be easier! In Windows's console window, open the properties dialog. The options contain a toggle button, named "Quick edit mode". It must be ON. Save the properties. You can also bind the insert key to paste from the clipboard by adding the following line to your. Other well-known products including ZoneAlarm and Norton Internet Security have caused problems for some users but work fine for others.
At last report, Agnitum Outpost did not work with Cygwin. If you are having strange connection-related problems, disabling the firewall is a good troubleshooting step as is closing or disabling all other running applications, especially resource-intensive processes such as indexed search.
On the whole, Cygwin doesn't care which firewall is used. The few rare exceptions have to do with socket code. Cygwin uses sockets to implement many of its functions, such as IPC. Some overzealous firewalls install themselves deeply into the winsock stack with the 'layered service provider' API and install hooks throughout. Sadly the mailing list archives are littered with examples of poorly written firewall-type software that causes things to break. Note that with many of these products, simply disabling the firewall does not remove these changes; it must be completely uninstalled.
We often build with cross-compilers under Linux and copy binaries and source to the Windows system or just toy with them directly off the Samba-mounted partition. And then there are tools like scp , ftp , rsync , Several Unix programs expect to be able to use to filenames spelled the same way, but with different case.
A prime example of this is perl's configuration script, which wants Makefile and makefile. Windows can't tell the difference between files with just different case, so the configuration fails.
To help with this problem, Cygwin supports case sensitivity. In Windows, files cannot be named com1, lpt1, or aux to name a few ; either as the root filename or as the extension part. If you do, you'll have trouble. Unix programs don't avoid these names which can make things interesting. The perl configuration tries to make sure that aux. At least that's what happens when using native Windows tools. Cygwin can deal with these filenames just fine.
If something goes wrong and the tools hang on you for some reason easy to do if you try and read a file called aux. If you start up another shell, and applications don't run, it's a good bet that the hung process is still running somewhere. Use the Task Manager, pview, or a similar utility to kill the process. In theory this should never be necessary, though.
After a new installation in the default location, your mount points will look something like this:. This is intentional, and you should not undo these mounts unless you really know what you are doing. Rather than distinguish between them and try to keep track of them possibly requiring the occasional duplication or symbolic link , it was decided to maintain only one actual directory, with equivalent ways to access it.
Symbolic links had been considered for this purpose, but were dismissed because they do not always work on Samba drives. Also, mounts are faster to process because no disk access is required to resolve them. Note that non-cygwin applications will not observe Cygwin mounts or most symlinks for that matter. For example, if you use WinZip to unpack the tar distribution of a Cygwin package, it may not get installed to the correct Cygwin path.
So don't do this! It is strongly recommended not to make the Cygwin root directory the same as your drive's root directory, unless you know what you are doing and are prepared to deal with the consequences. Maybe you have nothing like that installed now, but who knows about things you might add in the future? This is because it tries to scan the newly loaded shared memory in cygwin1.
It is not confirmed that this is still a problem, however. The only workaround is to disable VirusScan when accessing these files. This can be an issue during Setup, and is discussed in that FAQ entry. Some users report a significant performance hit using Cygwin when their anti-virus software is enabled.
Rather than disable the anti-virus software completely, it may be possible to specify directories whose contents are exempt from scanning. Obviously, this could be exploited by a hostile non-Cygwin program, so do this at your own risk. Install the emacs package. This provides everything you need in order to run GNU emacs in a terminal window. Cygwin supports multiple character sets. Symlinks created with Cygwin are using the UTF character set, which is portable across all character sets.
Old symlinks were written using your current Windows codepage, which is not portable across all character sets.
If the target of the symlink doesn't resolve anymore, it's very likely that the symlink points to a target filename using native, non-ASCII characters, and you're now using another character set than way back when you created the symlink.
Solution: Delete the symlink and create it again under you new Cygwin. Sign up. Term of the Day. Best of Techopedia weekly. News and Special Offers occasional.
Techopedia Explains Cygwin. What Does Cygwin Mean? Share this Term. Unix Application Programming Interface. Just tell bash where to find it, when you type it on the command line:. Use the 'cygpath' utility. Type 'cygpath --help' for information. For example on my installation :. So you need to set HOME correctly, or move your. Cygwin does support spaces in filenames and paths.
That said, some utilities that use the library may not, since files don't typically contain spaces in Unix. If you stumble into problems with this, you will need to either fix the utilities or stop using spaces in filenames used by Cygwin tools.
In particular, bash interprets space as a word separator. You would have to quote a filename containing spaces, or escape the space character.
For example:. It sees a shortcut as a regular file and this you cannot "cd" into it. Cygwin shortcuts are different from shortcuts created by native Windows applications. Windows applications can usually make use of Cygwin shortcuts but not vice versa.
This is by choice. The reason is that Windows shortcuts may contain a bunch of extra information which would get lost, if, for example, Cygwin tar archives and extracts them as symlinks. Changing a Cygwin shortcut in Windows Explorer usually changes a Cygwin shortcut into a Windows native shortcut. Afterwards, Cygwin will not recognize it as symlink anymore. Make sure you are using the find that came with Cygwin and that you aren't picking up the Win32 find command instead.
You can verify that you are getting the right one by doing a "type find" in bash. If the path argument to find, including current directory default , is itself a symbolic link, then find will not traverse it unless you specify the -follow option.
This behavior is different than most other UNIX implementations, but is not likely to change. If find does not seem to be producing enough results, or seems to be missing out some directories, you may be experiencing a problem with one of find's optimisations. The absence of. See the documentation for the option -noleaf in the man page. The su command has been in and out of Cygwin distributions, but it has not been ported to Cygwin and has never worked.
It is currently installed as part of the sh-utils, but again, it does not work. If ls -l shows a group of mkpasswd or mkgroup, you need to run one or both of those commands.
There are two basic problems you might run into. Or, it could be a permission problem, and Cygwin doesn't understand that your script is executable. Because chmod may not work see FAQ entry above , Cygwin must read the contents of files to determine if they are executable. If your script does not start with.
The Bourne shell idiom. Note that you can use mount -x to force Cygwin to treat all files under the mount point as executable. This can be used for individual files as well as directories. Then Cygwin will not bother to read files to determine whether they are executable. Jason Tishler has written a couple of messages that explain how to use a2ps for nicely formatted text in PostScript and ghostscript to print PostScript files on non-PostScript Windows printers. Note that the file command is now available as part of Cygwin setup.
Alternatively, on NT, you can use the Windows print command. It does not seem to be available on Win9x. You may need to press the formfeed button on your printer or append the formfeed character to your file. Internationalization is a complex issue. The short answer is that Cygwin is not Unicode-aware, so things that might work in Linux will not necessarily work on Cygwin.
However, some things do work. To type international characters? These are options to the readline library, which you can read about in the bash 1 and readline 3 man pages. These examples use the Japanese Shift-JIS character set, obviously you will want to change them for your own locale.
Please note: This section has not yet been updated for the latest net release. Careful examination shows that they not just non-functional, but rather behave strangely, for example, with NumLock off, keys on numeric keyboard work, until you press usual cursor keys, when even numeric stop working, but they start working again after hitting alphanumeric key, etc.
The cause of this problem is Microsoft keyboard localizer which by default installed in 'autoexec. Corresponding line looks like:. That's for russian locale. You should comment that line if you want your keys working properly. Of course, this will deprive you of your local alphabet keyboard support, so you should think about another localizer.
You should only have one copy of the Cygwin DLL on your system. If you have multiple versions, they will conflict and cause problems. If you get the error "shared region is corrupted" or "shared region version mismatch" it means you have multiple versions of cygwin1.
This could happen, for example, if you update cygwin1. If you have other versions on your system and desire help from the cygwin project, you should delete or rename all DLLs that are not installed by setup. If you're trying to find multiple versions of the DLL that are causing this problem, reboot first, in case DLLs still loaded in memory are the cause.
Then use the Windows System find utility to search your whole machine, not just components in your PATH as 'type' would do or cygwin-mounted filesystems as Cygwin 'find' would do. Probably because there is nobody willing or able to maintain it. It takes time, and the priority for the Cygwin Team is the Cygwin package. The rest is a volunteer effort.
Want to contribute? Why is the version of package XYZ older than the version that I installed on my linux system? Is there something special about Cygwin which requires that only an older version of package XYZ will work on it?
Every package in the Cygwin distribution has a maintainer who is responsible for sending out updates of the package. This person is a volunteer who is rarely the same person as the official developer of the package.
If you notice that a version of a package seems to be out of date, the reason is usually pretty simple -- the person who is maintaining the package hasn't gotten around to updating it yet. Rarely, the newer package actually requires complex changes that the maintainer is working out. If you urgently need an update, sending a polite message to the cygwin mailing list pinging the maintainer is perfectly acceptable.
There are no guarantees that the maintainer will have time to update the package or that you'll receive a response to your request, however. Cygwin has a builtin "cygdrive prefix" for drives that are not mounted.
But see the warning below! This maps in the obvious way to the Windows path, but will be converted internally to use the Cygwin path, following mounts default or explicit. You could also use backward-slashes in the Windows path, but these would have to be escaped from the shell.
Warning: There is some ambiguity in going from a Windows path to the posix path, because different posix paths, through different mount points, could map to the same Windows directory.
This matters because different mount points may be binmode or textmode, so the behavior of Cygwin apps will vary depending on the posix path used to get there. Note that you only need to mount drives once. The mapping is kept in the registry so mounts stay valid pretty much indefinitely. You can only get rid of them with umount, or the registry editor. The '-b' option to mount mounts the mountpoint in binary mode "binmode" where text and binary files are treated equivalently.
This should only be necessary for badly ported Unix programs where binary flags are missing from open calls. The default for new mounts is text mode "textmode" , which is also the mode for all "cygdrive" mounts.
You can change the default cygdrive prefix and whether it is binmode or textmode using the mount command. For example,. First, consider using rxvt instead of the standard console window. In rxvt, selecting with the left-mouse also copies, and middle-mouse pastes. It couldn't be easier! Under Windows NT, open the properties dialog of the console window.
The options contain a toggle button, named "Quick edit mode". It must be ON. Save the properties. Under Windows 9x, open the properties dialog of the console window. Select the Misc tab. Uncheck Fast Pasting. Check QuickEdit. You can also bind the insert key to paste from the clipboard by adding the following line to your. Other well-known products including ZoneAlarm and Norton Internet Security have caused problems for some users but work fine for others.
At last report, Agnitum Outpost did not work with Cygwin. If you are having strange connection-related problems, disabling the firewall is a good troubleshooting step as is closing or disabling all other running applications, especially resource-intensive processes such as indexed search. On the whole, Cygwin doesn't care which firewall is used. The few rare exceptions have to do with socket code. Cygwin uses sockets to implement many of its functions, such as IPC.
Some overzealous firewalls install themselves deeply into the winsock stack with the 'layered service provider' API and install hooks throughout. Sadly the mailing list archives are littered with examples of poorly written firewall-type software that causes things to break. Note that with many of these products, simply disabling the firewall does not remove these changes; it must be completely uninstalled.
During development, we have both Linux boxes running Samba and Windows machines. We often build with cross-compilers under Linux and copy binaries and source to the Windows system or just toy with them directly off the Samba-mounted partition. Several Unix programs expect to be able to use to filenames spelled the same way, but with different case.
A prime example of this is perl's configuration script, which wants Makefile and makefile. WIN32 can't tell the difference between files with just different case, so the configuration fails. To help with this problem, starting in cygwin This is an experimental feature and should be used with caution. You should only use it for directories that are initially unpopulated and are due to be completely managed by cygwin hence the name. So, the best use would be to create an empty directory, mount it, and then add files to it:.
Files cannot be named com1, lpt1, or aux to name a few ; either as the root filename or as the extension part. If you do, you'll have trouble. Unix programs don't avoid these names which can make things interesting. The perl configuration tries to make sure that aux. If something goes wrong and the tools hang on you for some reason easy to do if you try and read a file called aux. If you start up another shell, and applications don't run, it's a good bet that the hung process is still running somewhere.
Use the Task Manager, pview, or a similar utility to kill the process. This should never be necessary under Windows NT. After a new installation in the default location, your mount points will look something like this:.
This is intentional, and you should not undo these mounts unless you really know what you are doing. Rather than distinguish between them and try to keep track of them possibly requiring the occasional duplication or symbolic link , it was decided to maintain only one actual directory, with equivalent ways to access it.
Symbolic links had been considered for this purpose, but were dismissed because they do not always work on Samba drives. Also, mounts are faster to process because no disk access is required to resolve them. Note that non-cygwin applications will not observe Cygwin mounts or symlinks for that matter. For example, if you use WinZip to unpack the tar distribution of a Cygwin package, it may not get installed to the correct Cygwin path. So don't do this! It is strongly recommended not to make the Cygwin root directory the same as your drive's root directory, unless you know what you are doing and are prepared to deal with the consequences.
Maybe you have nothing like that installed now, but who knows about things you might add in the future? This is because it tries to scan the newly loaded shared memory in cygwin1. It is not confirmed that this is still a problem, however.
The only workaround is to disable VirusScan when accessing these files. This can be an issue during setup, and is discussed in that FAQ entry.
Some users report a significant performance hit using Cygwin when their anti-virus software is enabled. Rather than disable the anti-virus software completely, it may be possible to specify directories whose contents are exempt from scanning. Obviously, this could be exploited by a hostile non-Cygwin program, so do this at your own risk.
From a remote login shell, this "emacs -nw" works fine. There is also a non-X11 version which just provides the text-only terminal interface. There is also emacs-w32 with a MS Windows interface. Use Cygwin Setup to install any of these, even more than one. It is not available from Cygwin Setup. NT Emacs uses the Windows command shell by default. Since it is not a Cygwin application, it has no knowledge of Cygwin mounts. The following settings are for Emacs If you want NT Emacs to understand Cygwin paths, get cygwin-mount.
If you want to use ftp from within XEmacs for instance for updating the xemacs packages , you will want to install the Cygwin version of ftp included in the inetutils package. Otherwise, xemacs i. Use rxvt instead. It's an optional package in Cygwin Setup. You can use it with or without X You can resize it easily by dragging an edge or corner.
Copy and paste is easy with the left and middle mouse buttons, respectively. Xdefaults file, even without X. This is how you do it:. Even if the dir file already exists, you may have to update it when you install new Cygwin packages. Some packages update the dir file for you, but many don't. What happens is Cygwin queues up these files with the supposition that it will be possible to delete these files in the future. Assuming that the permission of an affected file does change later on, the file will be deleted as requested.
However, if too many requests come in to delete inaccessible files, the queue overflows and you get the message you're asking about.
Usually you can remedy this with a quick chmod, close of a file, or other such thing. Thanks to Larry Hall for this explanation. Symlinks are marked with "system" file attribute. Samba does not enable this attribute by default. To enable it, consult your Samba documentation and then add these lines to your samba configuration file:.
Perhaps that may be your problem? They are built with the -mno-cygwin option to gcc, which means they do not understand Cygwin mounts or symbolic links. From time to time, people have reported strange failures and problems in Cygwin and Cygwin packages that seem to have no rational explanation.
Among the most common symptoms they report are fork failures, memory leaks, and file access denied problems. These problems, when they have been traced, often appear to be caused by interference from other software installed on the same PC. Security software, in particular, such as anti-virus, anti-spyware, and firewall applications, often implements its functions by installing hooks into various parts of the system, including both the Explorer shell and the underlying kernel.
Sometimes these hooks are not implemented in an entirely transparent fashion, and cause changes in the behaviour which affect the operation of other programs, such as Cygwin. Sometimes these problems can be worked around, by temporarily or partially disabling the offending software.
For instance, it may be possible to disable on-access scanning in your antivirus, or configure it to ignore files under the Cygwin installation root.
Often, unfortunately, this is not possible; even disabling the software may not work, since many applications that hook the operating system leave their hooks installed when disabled, and simply set them into what is intended to be a completely transparent pass-through mode.
Sometimes this pass-through is not as transparent as all that, and the hooks still interfere with Cygwin; in these cases, it may be necessary to uninstall the software altogether to restore normal operation.
If you have already installed cygwin and are looking for a convenient way to install additional software from the command line, the apt-cyg tool may be just what you need. The apt-cyg tool acts as a command line installer that cooperates with the cygwin setup program and uses the same cygwin repository.
The applications are linked with it and voila - they run on Windows. The aim is to add all the goop necessary to make your apps run on Windows into the C library. Then your apps should run on Unix and Windows with no changes at the source level. The C library is in a DLL, which makes basic applications quite small. For a good overview of Cygwin, you may want to read the paper on Cygwin published by the Usenix Association in conjunction with the 2d Usenix NT Symposium in August They're made whenever anything interesting happens inside the Cygwin library usually roughly on a nightly basis, depending on how much is going on.
They are only intended for those people who wish to contribute code to the project. If you aren't going to be happy debugging problems in a buggy snapshot, avoid these and wait for a real release.
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