The U. The victorious Allies looked to defeated Germany in to pay reparations that would cover some of their costs. Above all, it was essential to conduct the mobilization in such a way that the short-term confidence of the people was maintained, the long-term power of the political establishment was upheld, and the long-term economic health of the nation was preserved.
Total War: British poster encouraging investment in war bonds. Total war involved immense economic and labor costs through the restructuring of finance and industry toward military purposes. Privacy Policy.
Skip to main content. Search for:. Total War Learning Objective Discuss the costs of total war. It also expands the targets of war to include any and all civilian-associated resources and infrastructure. World War I mobilized almost all European nations and its colonies into total war with enormous costs, not only to military personnel lost in battle, but to whole societies, dramatically affecting finance, culture, and industry. Civilians back home had to make major adjustments to their lifestyles: women took over for men in industry, food rationing came into effect, and business owners changed or adjusted their products to support the war.
Napoleon: Total War. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe. If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. Forgot your password? Retrieve it. If by any chance you spot an inappropriate image within your search results please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. Term » Definition. Word in Definition.
Wiktionary 4. Freebase 5. Suggested Resources 2. How to pronounce total war? Alex US English. David US English. Mark US English. Daniel British. Libby British.
Mia British. Additionally, in total war, there is no limit on the type of weapons used and biological, chemical, nuclear, and other weapons of mass destruction may be unleashed. While state-sponsored imperialist wars tend to have the greatest numbers of casualties, it is not the number of casualties alone that defines a total war. Smaller conflicts across the globe, such as tribal wars, incorporate aspects of total war by kidnapping, enslaving, and killing civilians.
This deliberate targeting of civilians elevates less expansive wars to the level of total war. A nation waging total war may also impact its own citizens through a mandatory draft, rationing, propaganda, or other efforts deemed necessary to support the war on the home front.
Total war began in the Middle Ages and continued through the two World Wars. While there have long been cultural, religious and political norms expressing who should and should not be targeted in war, there was no international ordinance describing the laws of war until the Geneva Conventions , which created the International Humanitarian Law IHL.
Some of the earliest and most significant examples of total war occurred in the Middle Ages , during the Crusades, a series of holy wars fought in the 11th century. During this period, it is estimated that over one million people were killed. Soldiers sacked and burned countless villages in the name of preserving their respective religions. Genghis Khan , the 13th-century Mongolian conqueror, followed a strategy of total war.
He founded the Mongol Empire, which grew as he and his troops spread across Northeast Asia, seizing cities, and slaughtering large portions of their populations. This prevented uprisings in the defeated cities, as they did not have the human or material resources to rebel.
He sent hundreds of thousands of troops across the empire to kill the citizens without discrimination and enslave others to be used as human shields in later battles.
This "scorched earth" policy holds that the best way to win a war is to ensure that the opposition cannot mount a second attack. Thousands of people also died in prison awaiting trial.
During the Napoleonic Wars that followed the revolution, it is estimated that approximately five million people died over the twenty-year period. During this time, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte became known for his savagery. Sherman marched his troops toward Savannah to the Atlantic Ocean.
Recently viewed 0 Save Search. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. Subscriber sign in You could not be signed in, please check and try again. Username Please enter your Username. Password Please enter your Password. Forgot password? Don't have an account?
0コメント